Guverineri wa Californiya, Jerry Brown

Icyumweru gishize,Guverineri wa Californiya Jerry Brown yashyize umukono ku mushinga w'itegeko 2998 (AB 2998) mu mategeko, ibishya murukurikirane rwamategeko ya Californiya ategeka ibipimo byokongoka kubikoresho byo guturamo.Kugirango dusobanukirwe neza n'akamaro k'iyi ntambwe igenga ubuzima bushingiye ku bidukikije, reka tubanze dusuzume urukurikirane rw'amategeko abanziriza aya yerekeye ikoreshwa rya flame retardant ikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo mu nzu.

Hanze hamwe na kera - TB 117

Tekinike ya Tekinike ya Kaliforuniya 117 (nyuma yiswe TB 117) yashinzwe mu 1975 kugira ngo ishobore gukongoka ku bikoresho byo mu nzu byuzuye.Nubwo igituntu 117 cyari itegeko rya leta ya Kaliforuniya gusa, amasosiyete akora ibikoresho byo mu nzu yorohereje ibikorwa by’inganda mu gihugu hose kugira ngo yubahirize igituntu 117, bityo rero iryo tegeko rihinduka igipimo cy’umuriro muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ku bikoresho byo mu nzu.Igituntu 117 cyategetse ko ibikoresho byo mu nzu byubatswe bigomba kubahiriza ibizamini bimwe na bimwe byaka umuriro, ikizamini gikomeye cyane ni ikizamini cyamasegonda 12 yugururiwe ikizamini cyo mu nzu imbere.1 Abakora inganda mubisanzwe bujuje iki cyifuzo bakoresheje flame retardant ivura ifuro ryihishwa, 1 batabishaka. kwinjiza imiti ya flame retardant mumazu yabaguzi.

Muri 2013, igituntu 117 cyahinduwe hagamijwe gusobanukirwa n’ingaruka z’ubuzima ziterwa no guhura n’umuriro ndetse n’uburyo umuriro w’urugo utangira no gukwirakwira.Umubare munini wubushakashatsi bwa siyanse wari umaze kwegeranya mu myaka 38 kuva igituntu 117 cyanduye, byerekana ko abantu benshi bashobora guhura n’ingaruka zishobora guterwa no gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana mu bikoresho byo mu nzu.Ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi byagaragaye bijyanye na TB 117 ni uko ingaruka z’ubuzima ziterwa no guhura n’umuriro udakira wa flame retardant zifite akamaro kanini, kandi gukoresha cyane imiti igabanya ubukana mu bikoresho byo mu nzu ntibigira ingaruka nziza mu gukumira no kugabanya ubukana bw’umuriro w’inzu.2.

Ivugurura muri TB 117-2013 ryerekana kumva ko umuriro murugo usanzwe utangira mugihe imyenda yo hanze ifashe umuriro (urugero, itabi ryaka) 1 aho kuba ibikoresho byo murugo imbere bitangiza umuriro.Nkibyo, itegeko ryahinduwe kugirango risimbuze i

Isegonda 12-isegonda ifungura flame imbere yimbere ifuro hamwe nikizamini cya smolder kumyenda yinyuma yikigice.3

Bamwe banenze igituntu 117-2013, bavuga ko nubwo ari iterambere, ibisabwa kugira ngo ibikoresho byo gutwika ibikoresho bigomba kurushaho kurengera ubuzima bw’abaguzi ndetse n’ibidukikije.4 Nubwo igituntu 117-2013 cyanga ko hakenerwa ifuro ry’imiti ivura umuriro, ntabwo bigaragara neza. kubuza ikoreshwa ryumuriro wa flame mubikoresho byo guturamo byuzuye.5

Hamwe nibishya?Guverineri asinya AB 2998

Inyubako ya Capitol ya Leta ya Californiya

AB 2998 iherutse gutambuka irenze igituntu 117-2013 kuko igamije kugabanya ingaruka zo mu rugo ziterwa n’imiti yangiza ibicuruzwa biva mu bicuruzwa.Kuri ubu ni ryo tegeko rikomeye cyane muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika kugenga umuriro utuye.Mu kwerekana ko Leta ya Kaliforuniya yasanze “imiti ikingira umuriro idakenewe kugira ngo umutekano urusheho kubaho,” 6 Inteko ishinga amategeko 2998 igabanya ikoreshwa ry’umuriro ku bicuruzwa by’abaguzi mu buryo bukurikira:

-Bibuza kugurisha no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bishya byabana bato, matelas, nibikoresho byo mu nzu birimo imiti igabanya ubukana bwa flame kurwego hafi ibice 1.000 kuri miliyoni6

-Buza abaterankunga gusana, gukira, kugarura, cyangwa kuvugurura ibikoresho byo mu nzu bifashishije ibikoresho bisimbuza birimo imiti igabanya ubukana bwa flame kurwego ruri hejuru ya 1.000 ppm.6.

Imipaka mishya kuri Flade Retardants ifite Ingaruka zigihugu

Ikigaragara ni uko aribwo bwa mbere amategeko ya Californiya ashyiraho imipaka ntarengwa ku nyongeramusaruro yaka ibikoresho byo guturamo.AB 2998 ishimangira kandi ururimi rwigituntu 117-2013, ibuza rwose inyongeramusaruro yumuriro mubyiciro 18 bitandukanye byibicuruzwa byabana.Avuga ku nyandiko y’ubuyobozi bwa komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa by’abanyamerika muri 2017 isaba guhagarika inyongeramusaruro ya organohalogen flame retardant mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye by’abaguzi, 7 AB 2998 ni iyindi ntambwe ikomeye mu kugena inyongeramusaruro y’umuriro mu bikoresho byo guturamo.

Hamwe na AB 2998, Californiya yashyizeho politiki yambere igenga amategeko agabanya kugabanya ikoreshwa ryumuriro mubicuruzwa byabaguzi bityo abantu bakagaragaza.Urebye ko abaguzi ba Californiya bagize 11.1% bya Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika ku bikoresho byo mu nzu no kugurisha ibitanda, 8 ingaruka za AB 2998 rwose zizagera kure.Igikomeje kugaragara ariko, ni ukumenya niba igihugu gisigaye kizakurikiza.

-Madeleine Valier Reba:

.Biro ya Californiya ishinzwe gusana ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho, ibikoresho byo munzu hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro.Tekiniki ya Tekinike 117: Inzu yo guturamo Ibikoresho byo mu nzu.(https://www.bearhfti.ca.gov/industry/tb_117_faq_sheet.pdf).

.Babrauskas, V., Blum, A., Daley, R., na Birnbaum, L. Flame Retardants muri Furniture Foam: Inyungu n'ingaruka.(http:

.Californiya Ibiro bishinzwe ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho, ibikoresho byo murugo na

Amashanyarazi.Amatangazo ya tekiniki 117-2013.2013 Kamena.(https://www.bearhfti.ca.gov/about_us/tb117_2013.pdf).

.Inama y’igihugu ishinzwe kurinda umutungo.Uburozi bwa Flame Retardant Imiti Ifite

Ndagiye.2018 Mata 26.

(https://www.nrdc.

.Ikigo cya Politiki yubumenyi bwicyatsi.Amabwiriza mashya ya Californiya TB117-2013:

Bisobanura iki?2014 Gashyantare 11.

(http:

.Inteko rusange ya Californiya.AB-2998 Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi: ibikoresho bya flame retardant.29 Nzeri 2018.

(https://leginfo.legislature.ca.

.Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa muri Amerika.Ubuyobozi Inyandiko ku Byongerwaho Byangiza, Non-Polymeric Organohalogen Flame Retardants mubicuruzwa bimwe byabaguzi.Kwiyandikisha.2017 Nzeri 28. 82 (187): 45268-45269.(https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-09-28/pdf/2017-20733.pdf)

.Imibare.Kugurisha ibikoresho byo kuryamaho no kuryama muri Amerika kuva 2014 kugeza 2020, by

leta (miriyoni y'amadorari y'Abanyamerika.) Yemewe kuri: https://www.statista.com/statistics/512341/ibikoresho byo mu nzu

Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-03-2018